TY - JOUR
T1 - Developments and research directions in maritime cybersecurity
T2 - A systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis
AU - Bolbot, Victor
AU - Kulkarni, Ketki
AU - Brunou, Päivi
AU - Banda, Osiris Valdez
AU - Musharraf, Mashrura
N1 - Funding Information:
The study was carried out in the framework of AutoMare project funded by Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture under application number 117784. Constructive feedback from anonymous reviewers is also acknowledged. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and should not be construed to reflect the views of Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture, acknowledged individuals and other involved partners in the AutoMare project.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Ships and maritime infrastructure are becoming increasingly interconnected as the maritime industry is undergoing the industry 4.0 revolution. This development is associated with novel risk types such as the increased potential for successful cyberattacks. Several review studies have investigated the regulatory framework in connection to maritime cybersecurity, the vulnerabilities in maritime systems, potential cyberattack scenarios, and risk assessment techniques. None of them though, has implemented a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis of the available academic research studies in the discipline of maritime cybersecurity. The aim of this review, therefore, is to offer a succinct description of the progress in academic research on the arising topic of maritime cybersecurity. To that end, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of maritime cybersecurity-related studies based on several metrics and analysis tools, identified the topics of academic research in this field, the employed methodologies and identified the main research challenges and directions in connection to maritime cybersecurity. To achieve the objectives, we employed principles from Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Metanalysis (PRISMA) for systematic literature review and tailored keywords during a search in Scopus. The results demonstrated that Norway, the United Kingdom, France and the USA are the leading countries in maritime cybersecurity based on the weighted number of authors. The results also demonstrated that the main research focus in the area was on the development or application of cybersecurity risk assessment techniques and the design of monitoring and intrusion detection tools for cyberattacks in maritime systems. Based on the analysed literature, 53 challenges in various studies were identified and 73 topics for future research were suggested.
AB - Ships and maritime infrastructure are becoming increasingly interconnected as the maritime industry is undergoing the industry 4.0 revolution. This development is associated with novel risk types such as the increased potential for successful cyberattacks. Several review studies have investigated the regulatory framework in connection to maritime cybersecurity, the vulnerabilities in maritime systems, potential cyberattack scenarios, and risk assessment techniques. None of them though, has implemented a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis of the available academic research studies in the discipline of maritime cybersecurity. The aim of this review, therefore, is to offer a succinct description of the progress in academic research on the arising topic of maritime cybersecurity. To that end, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of maritime cybersecurity-related studies based on several metrics and analysis tools, identified the topics of academic research in this field, the employed methodologies and identified the main research challenges and directions in connection to maritime cybersecurity. To achieve the objectives, we employed principles from Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Metanalysis (PRISMA) for systematic literature review and tailored keywords during a search in Scopus. The results demonstrated that Norway, the United Kingdom, France and the USA are the leading countries in maritime cybersecurity based on the weighted number of authors. The results also demonstrated that the main research focus in the area was on the development or application of cybersecurity risk assessment techniques and the design of monitoring and intrusion detection tools for cyberattacks in maritime systems. Based on the analysed literature, 53 challenges in various studies were identified and 73 topics for future research were suggested.
KW - 222 Other engineering and technologies
KW - Autonomous ships
KW - Cybersecurity risk analysis
KW - Maritime cybersecurity
KW - Maritime supply chain
KW - Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and metanalysis (prisma)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85141918035&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijcip.2022.100571
DO - 10.1016/j.ijcip.2022.100571
M3 - Review Article
AN - SCOPUS:85141918035
VL - 39
JO - International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection
JF - International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection
SN - 1874-5482
M1 - 100571
ER -